1. The major reason Tonga has still remained a monarchy is due to the fact that it has never been colonized. Colonization is the process of establishing a colony. Great Britain protected Tonga but they did not colonize Tonga. Tonga existed as an independent and was not controlled by Great Britain. Almost all Tongan's are from Tonga, this is due to the restrictions placed on foreigners. People who are not citizens of Tonga are prohibited from owning land or even becoming a citizen. Another reason why Tonga has still remained a monarchy is due to its natural resources. If Tonga had lots of natural resources (like neighbor Fuji who had such valuable commodities as gold and sugar) another country would defiantly try to take it over. Also because it was an archipelago it was not deemed as "valuable" at least in terms of land. Tongan's are lucky because they did not have to deal with being colonized. Often when an upheaval occurs and traditions and former government practices and other important beliefs are abandoned.
2. There are many reasons Small mentions as to why Tongan's migrate to places like the United States (predominately California), New Zealand, and Australia. The people of Tonga were going to more industrialized nations as opposed to those nations who focus on agriculture like Tonga. The people see and sometimes (on rare occasions) buy the new products that are available in other industrialized countries. They are enticed by these products and see what people in other countries have which results in an increased desire to get these products, benefits, etc. There is also not a lot of upward mobility in Tonga. Unlike in other countries such as the United States where people say "if you work hard you can become successful", there is very little opportunity for Tongan's to advance and make their lives better for themselves or even future generations. A third reason concerns education. Although the primary school is free, secondary school and college training are very costly and is not available for everyone. If they come to a country like the United States they have the opportunity to attend secondary school and even in many cases continue onto college. The only way Tongan's can usually advance is by getting a college degree outside of Tonga or by getting a job outside of Tonga. Another reason is due to the labor market abroad. There is many opportunities abroad in various areas, unlike the few available jobs in Tonga. Many Tongan people have more than one job, and there income can be very inconsistent due to such factors as seasonality. Another important reason was the attraction Tongan's have to Western ways. Kids looked at fashion magazines, while people watched movies and ate imported foods.
3. Small was not happy with the standard way of writing ethnography. She defines ethnography as: "a descriptive account of a people's way of life written by an anthropologist who has conducted intensive long-term fieldwork within their culture". She felt that her research would not fall within the categories of a "typical ethnography". Most ethnographies are standard and use the same time frame, although in this case she felt it was more appropriate to tell different stories and use different time periods ranging from the past to the future and go back and forth between them. She also discusses the recent problems with writing ethnographies. Many scholars are condemning the idea of ethnography. The way ethnography is being done is changing. More and more people in the academic community are disagreeing with the ways of anthropology, and ethnography. The assumptions used by anthropologists that used to be second nature may not continue to hold up because of the nature of the changing environment and society in which we live. Anthropologists are even presently trying to develop new ways or how to document or write about other cultures.